PMI8952
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QUALCOMM PMI8952-000 / 001 SUB-PMIC / CHARGING & LIGHT IC REPAIR GUIDE
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1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION & SILICON SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Silicon Laser Marking: PMI8952 [Line 2: 000 or 001]
- Commercial Hardware Name: Qualcomm Intermediate Power Management Subsystem
- Silicon Manufacturer: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
- System Classification: Secondary Power Management IC (Charger / VPH_PWR / Backlight)
- Associated Main Platforms: Qualcomm Snapdragon 650/652 (MSM8956/76), Snapdragon 617, Snapdragon 430
- Companion Primary PMIC: Qualcomm PM8956 / PM8952 / PM8937
- Package Form Factor: Fine-Pitch Wafer-Level Chip-Scale BGA (WLCSP BGA)
- Subsystem Blocks Inside PMI8952:
* Switching Fast Charger Circuit:
- High-efficiency synchronous step-down charger supporting QC 2.0 / QC 3.0 up to 2.5A.
* System Bus Power Generator (VPH_PWR / VSYS):
- Regulates primary 3.7V – 4.2V DC system line feeding the Primary PMIC and RF power amplifiers.
* High-Voltage Display WLED Backlight Driver:
- Integrated DC-DC boost converter raising battery voltage to 18V – 25V DC with current regulation.
* LCD Display Bias Supplies:
- Integrated positive and negative charge pumps generating display bias voltages.
* Camera Flash & Torch Driver:
- Integrated high-current strobe driver for rear camera LEDs.
* Fuel Gauge & Battery Sensing:
- High-precision ADC tracking battery voltage, discharge impedance, and NTC thermistor line.
* USB OTG 5V Step-Up Boost:
- Reverse 5V boost supplying peripheral current over USB VBUS.
2. COMPATIBLE SMARTPHONES:
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- Xiaomi / Redmi:
* Redmi Note 3 (Snapdragon 650 / MSM8956 - Code name: Kenzo)
* Redmi Note 3 Pro
* Redmi 3 / Redmi 3S / Redmi 3X (Snapdragon 430)
- Oppo:
* Oppo A57 (Snapdragon 435 edition)
* Oppo F3 Plus (Snapdragon 653 edition)
- Vivo:
* Vivo V3 / Vivo V3 Max (Qualcomm editions)
- Asus:
* Asus Zenfone 3 Laser / Max (Snapdragon editions)
*(Note: PMI8952, PMI8940, and PMI8937 share very similar pinout footprints on many Xiaomi logic boards;
however, PMI8952 is specifically designed to handle the thermal and current loads of the Snapdragon 650/652)*
3. TYPICAL BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Completely Dead Phone (0.00A or 0.02A–0.04A Low-Current Freeze on DC Power Supply):
* Internal buck switching MOSFET failure halts VPH_PWR generation. The primary PMIC and CPU receive 0V.
- Fake Charging / Slow Charging (Draws 0.00A–0.15A on USB Meter):
* Charging animation shows on screen, but actual current into battery is negligible; battery drains
while plugged into charger due to burned charging MOSFET or shorted boot capacitor.
- Complete Backlight Failure (Black Screen, Board Alive):
* Handset powers on, plays boot sound, and receives incoming calls; image is visible under flashlight,
but LCD backlight remains dark (burned boost diode, inductor, or internal WLED driver inside PMI8952).
- VPH_PWR Short to Ground (0.000V in Diode Mode):
* Punctured high-side MOSFET clamps VPH_PWR rail directly to GND, causing the DC bench power supply
to beep / trip overcurrent protection immediately upon connecting the battery line.
- "Battery Temperature Too Low / High" Pop-up Warning:
* Damaged battery thermistor ADC lines inside PMI8952 cause the phone to refuse charging and turn off.
4. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Board Powered Off, Battery Disconnected):
1. Connect Multimeter RED probe to Motherboard Ground (GND shield), probe points with BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Filter Capacitor (near charging port line): Normal ~450mV – 560mV.
- Battery Connector Positive Pin (VBAT): Normal ~400mV – 480mV.
- VPH_PWR Inductor (large switching coil next to PMI8952): Normal ~350mV – 450mV (0.000V = dead short).
- Backlight Anode Line / Boost Diode Cathode: Normal ~420mV – 520mV.
- Boot Capacitor (BST): Check resistance across the two ends of capacitor; must NOT read zero ohms.
2. Short-Circuit Isolation:
- If VPH_PWR reads 0.000V, inject 3.8V DC (limited to 2.0A) onto the inductor.
Inspect with thermal camera: if PMI8952 illuminates white-hot immediately, desolder the IC.
B. Live Operating Voltage Check (Hot Testing):
1. Connect 5V USB charger cable to the phone:
- VBUS input capacitor: Must measure steady 5.0V – 5.2V DC.
- VPH_PWR Inductor: Must output steady 3.7V – 4.2V DC (even with battery disconnected).
- Battery terminal pins: Must measure pulsed 3.7V – 4.35V DC charging voltage.
2. Power the phone on:
- Backlight Anode terminal: Must read 3.7V in standby, then jump to 18V – 25V DC once the screen
wakes up. If it remains stuck at battery voltage (3.7V), PMI8952 boost switching circuit is defective.
5. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Thermal Protection & Surrounding Component Safety:
* PMI8952 is situated beneath a soldered metal shield close to the Snapdragon 650 CPU and eMMC chip.
* Always mask the neighboring processor and memory chips with Kapton thermal tape and copper coins.
- IC Removal:
* Dispense high-grade non-corrosive RMA BGA tacky flux around the perimeter of PMI8952.
* Hot air rework station settings: 320°C – 335°C, airflow 35% – 45% (medium precision nozzle).
* Circle nozzle uniformly for 30–40 seconds. Once all solder joints liquefy, lift chip vertically.
- PCB Pad Preparation:
* Apply 183°C (Sn63/Pb37) leaded solder to logic board footprint to dilute high-melt unleaded alloy.
* Flatten pad matrix using copper desoldering braid with soldering iron set to 290°C – 300°C.
* Clean thoroughly with 99% Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect pads under microscope for any lifted pads.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated or universal 0.12mm BGA stencil matching the PMI8952 footprint.
* Spread 183°C solder paste smoothly across all apertures with a flexible scraper.
* Reflow gently at 280°C with 20% airflow until uniform solder spheres emerge.
- Placement & Alignment:
* Spread a thin, transparent layer of tacky BGA flux onto PCB pads.
* Align Pin 1 dot on the PMI8952 chip with silkscreen corner indicator.
* Reflow at 310°C – 320°C with 35% airflow; observe the chip pull into place by solder surface tension.
* Allow motherboard to cool naturally for 3–5 minutes before connecting DC power or battery.
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