PMI8940 IC
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QUALCOMM PMI8940-000 SUB-PMIC / CHARGING & LIGHT IC REPAIR GUIDE
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1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION & SILICON SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Silicon Laser Marking: PMI8940 [Line 2: 000]
- Commercial Hardware Name: Qualcomm Intermediate Power Management Unit (Sub-PMIC)
- Silicon Manufacturer: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
- System Classification: Secondary Power Management IC (Charger / VPH_PWR / Backlight)
- Associated Main Platforms: Qualcomm Snapdragon 625 (MSM8953), Snapdragon 430/435 (MSM8937/8940)
- Companion Primary PMIC: Qualcomm PM8953 / PM8937 / PM8940
- Package Form Factor: Fine-Pitch Wafer-Level Chip-Scale BGA (WLCSP)
- Core Functional Subsystems:
* Switching Battery Charger:
- High-efficiency synchronous step-down charger supporting input up to 2.5A–3.0A.
* System Power Generation (VPH_PWR / VSYS):
- Primary power distribution rail (3.7V – 4.2V DC) feeding Primary PMIC and RF Front-End.
* High-Voltage Display WLED Backlight Driver:
- Integrated boost converter stepping up battery voltage to 18V – 25V DC with current regulation.
* Camera Flash & Torch Driver:
- High-output strobe driver for mobile camera flash LEDs.
* Fuel Gauge & Battery Sensing:
- Internal ADC monitoring battery voltage, discharge curve, and NTC temperature line.
* USB OTG 5V Step-Up Boost:
- Reverse 5V boost supplying peripheral current over USB VBUS.
2. COMPATIBLE SMARTPHONES:
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- Xiaomi / Redmi:
* Xiaomi Mi A1 / Xiaomi Mi 5X (MSM8953 Snapdragon 625)
* Redmi 4X (Snapdragon 435)
* Redmi S2 / Redmi Y2 (Snapdragon 625)
* Redmi Note 5A / Redmi Y1 / Redmi Y1 Lite (Snapdragon 425/435)
* Redmi 5 (Snapdragon 450)
- Oppo:
* Oppo A57 (Snapdragon 435 edition)
- Huawei / Honor:
* Huawei Y7 Prime 2018 / Honor 7C (Snapdragon 430/450)
- Nokia:
* Nokia 2.1 (Snapdragon 425/430)
*(Technician Note: On many Snapdragon 430/435/625 logic boards, PMI8940 shares pinout compatibility
with PMI8937 and PMI8952, but PMI8940 offers enhanced thermal handling and higher charging efficiency)*
3. TYPICAL BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Completely Dead Phone (0.000A or 0.02A–0.04A Low-Current Freeze on DC Power Supply):
* Internal switching buck failure stops VPH_PWR generation; primary PMIC and CPU receive 0V.
- Fake Charging / Slow Charging (Draws 0.00A–0.12A on USB Meter):
* Phone displays charging bolt on LCD, but current draw is negligible; battery drains while plugged in
due to blown high-side charger MOSFET or shorted bootstrap capacitor.
- Complete Backlight Failure (Black Screen, Board Alive):
* Device boots, rings, and receives calls, image is visible under a strong flashlight, but LCD
backlight remains off (damaged boost diode, boost coil, or internal PMI8940 driver).
- VPH_PWR Rail Short to Ground (0.000V in Diode Mode):
* Punctured internal FET bridges VPH_PWR directly to GND, triggering DC bench power supply short protection.
- "Battery Temperature Too Low / High" Pop-up Alert:
* Device blocks charging and powers off due to damaged NTC / battery thermistor ADC lines inside PMI8940.
4. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Board Powered Off, Battery Disconnected):
1. Connect Multimeter RED probe to Motherboard Ground (GND shield), probe points with BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Filter Capacitor (near USB interface): Normal ~450mV – 560mV.
- Battery Connector Positive Terminal (VBAT): Normal ~400mV – 480mV.
- VPH_PWR Inductor (large coil directly beside PMI8940): Normal ~350mV – 450mV (0.000V = dead short).
- Backlight Boost Inductor / Anode Diode: Normal ~420mV – 520mV.
- Boot Capacitor (BST): Measure resistance across the two ends; must show high impedance (no short).
2. Short-Circuit Isolation:
- If VPH_PWR reads 0.000V in diode mode, inject 3.8V DC (limited to 2.0A) directly into the coil.
Observe under thermal camera: if PMI8940 illuminates bright white instantly, desolder the chip.
B. Live Operating Voltage Check (Hot Testing):
1. Connect 5V USB charger cable to the phone:
- VBUS Input Capacitor: Must measure steady 5.0V – 5.2V DC.
- VPH_PWR Inductor: Must output steady 3.7V – 4.2V DC (even with battery disconnected).
- Battery Terminal Pins: Must measure pulsed 3.7V – 4.35V DC charging voltage.
2. Power the phone on:
- Backlight Anode Line: Must measure 3.7V in standby, jumping to 18V – 25V DC once the screen
turns on. If it stays at battery voltage (3.7V), PMI8940 boost driver or boost diode is defective.
5. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Thermal Protection & Surrounding Components:
* PMI8940 is located beneath a soldered metal RF shield near the PM8953/CPU and eMMC memory.
* Always shield neighboring processor and memory chips with Kapton thermal tape and copper coins.
- IC Removal:
* Apply high-grade RMA BGA tacky flux around the perimeter of PMI8940.
* Hot air rework station settings: 320°C – 335°C, airflow 35% – 45% (medium precision nozzle).
* Circle nozzle uniformly for 30–40 seconds. Once all solder joints melt, lift chip vertically.
- PCB Pad Cleanup:
* Apply 183°C (Sn63/Pb37) leaded solder to logic board footprint to lower the eutectic melting point.
* Flatten pad matrix using copper desoldering braid with soldering iron set to 290°C – 300°C.
* Clean thoroughly with 99% Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect pads under microscope for any lifted pads.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated or universal 0.12mm BGA stencil matching the PMI8940 / PMI8952 footprint.
* Spread 183°C leaded solder paste smoothly across all apertures with a flexible scraper.
* Reflow gently at 280°C with 20% airflow until uniform solder spheres form.
- Placement & Alignment:
* Spread a thin, transparent layer of tacky BGA flux onto PCB pads.
* Align Pin 1 dot on the PMI8940 chip with silkscreen corner indicator.
* Reflow at 310°C – 320°C with 35% airflow; observe the chip pull into place by solder surface tension.
* Allow motherboard to cool naturally for 3–5 minutes before connecting DC power or battery.
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