PMI632-502
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QUALCOMM PMI632-502-00 SUB-PMIC / CHARGING & LIGHT IC REPAIR GUIDE
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1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION & SILICON SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Silicon Laser Marking: PMI632 [Line 2: 502-00 or 502]
- Commercial Hardware Name: Qualcomm Intermediate Power Management Subsystem (PMI632)
- Silicon Manufacturer: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
- System Classification: Secondary Power Management IC (Sub-PMIC / Charger / Backlight)
- Associated Main Platforms: Qualcomm Snapdragon 439, 450, 632, 636 platforms
- Companion Primary PMIC: Qualcomm PM439 / PM8953 / PM6125 (depending on logic board)
- Package Form Factor: Fine-Pitch 72-Pin BGA (BGA72 / WLCSP)
- Subsystem Blocks Inside PMI632-502:
* High-Efficiency Switching Battery Charger:
- Supports 5V / 9V Quick Charge (QC) standards with programmable charge current limit.
* System Power Generation:
- Primary system bus converter generating VPH_PWR / VSYS (3.7V – 4.2V DC).
* High-Voltage Display WLED Backlight Driver:
- Integrated boost converter raising 3.7V battery voltage up to 18V – 25V DC.
- Integrated multi-channel current sinks for cathode return lines.
* Camera Flash & Torch Driver:
- Integrated current source for dual/single white LED flash.
* Battery Management & Fuel Gauge:
- Integrated coulomb counter and battery temperature ADC monitoring.
* USB Detection & 5V OTG Step-Up Boost:
- USB CC/ID detection, Type-C logic, and reverse boost converter for USB peripherals.
2. COMPATIBLE SMARTPHONE PLATFORMS (502-00 SPECIFIC):
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- Xiaomi / Redmi:
* Redmi 7 (Snapdragon 632)
* Redmi 7A (Snapdragon 439)
- Oppo / Realme:
* Oppo A3s (CPH1803, CPH1853), Oppo A5, Oppo A7
* Realme C1 (RMX1811)
- Vivo:
* Vivo Y91 / Y93 / Y95 (Qualcomm Snapdragon 439)
* Vivo Y11 2019 (Snapdragon version)
- Samsung:
* Galaxy A01 (SM-A015F/G/M Snapdragon edition)
*(Caution: Substituting 502 with 902 or vice versa may cause backlight failure or battery logo boot-hangs
due to differences in internal firmware profiling and display driver register mapping)*
3. TYPICAL BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Completely Dead Phone (0.000A or 0.020A Stuck Current on DC Bench Supply):
* When PMI632 fails, VPH_PWR is not generated. The main PMIC and CPU receive zero power, leaving
the device completely non-responsive.
- Fake Charging / Slow Charging / Battery Percentage Drops while Plugged In:
* Phone displays the charging lightning bolt icon, but current draw from USB charger stays at
0.00A – 0.15A; internal switching MOSFET or boot diode inside PMI632 is blown.
- Black Screen with Vibrations & Sound (Display Backlight Failure):
* Device powers on normally, plays boot ringtone and receives calls, image is visible under a strong
flashlight, but backlight remains dark (burned boost diode, boost coil, or internal driver in PMI632).
- "Battery Temperature Too Low / Too High" Pop-up Warning:
* Phone refuses to charge and shuts down with temperature warning due to damaged battery ID/thermal ADC
circuit inside PMI632.
- Short Circuit on Primary Battery Rail (VPH_PWR Short to GND):
* Upper buck MOSFET failure clamps VPH_PWR rail directly to Ground (0.000V in diode mode), causing
the DC power supply to beep / trip on connect.
4. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Board Unpowered, Battery Disconnected):
1. Connect Multimeter RED probe to Motherboard Ground (GND), probe with BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Filter Capacitor (near USB input): Normal ~450mV – 550mV.
- Battery Connector Pin (VBAT Positive): Normal ~400mV – 480mV.
- VPH_PWR Main Inductor (large coil adjacent to PMI632): Normal ~350mV – 450mV (0.000V = dead short).
- Backlight Boost Inductor / Anode Diode: Normal ~400mV – 500mV.
- Boot Capacitor (BST): Measure across both capacitor terminals; must NOT beep (no short).
2. Short-Circuit Isolation:
- If VPH_PWR coil reads 0.000V in diode mode, inject 3.7V DC (limited to 2.0A) directly to VPH_PWR.
Observe under thermal camera: if PMI632 glows instantly, desolder the chip.
B. Live Operating Voltage Check (Hot Testing):
1. Connect 5V USB charger cable to the phone:
- VBUS Test Point: Must read steady 5.0V – 5.2V DC at input capacitor.
- VPH_PWR Coil: Must output steady 3.7V – 4.2V DC (even with battery unplugged).
- Battery Connector: Must output 3.7V – 4.35V pulsed charging voltage.
2. Power the phone on:
- Backlight Anode line: Should read 3.7V in standby, then jump to 18V – 25V DC once the screen
turns on. If it stays at 3.7V, PMI632 boost switching circuit is defective.
5. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Thermal Shield Removal & Neighboring Component Safety:
* PMI632 is usually protected under a soldered RF shield canopy near the CPU/eMMC/UFS flash memory.
* Always apply Kapton thermal tape and shielding coins over the CPU and memory chips before rework.
- IC Removal:
* Dispense high-purity RMA BGA flux around PMI632.
* Hot air rework station setup: 320°C – 335°C, medium airflow (35% – 45%).
* Circle the nozzle uniformly over the chip for 30–40 seconds. Once solder balls liquefy, lift chip cleanly.
- PCB Pad Cleanup:
* Apply 183°C (Sn63/Pb37) leaded solder to lower pad alloy melting threshold.
* Flatten pad matrix using copper wick braid with iron tip at 290°C – 300°C.
* Clean flux residue using 99% Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect pads under microscope.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated or universal 0.12mm BGA stencil matching the 72-pin PMI632 footprint.
* Squeegee 183°C leaded solder paste uniformly into stencil apertures.
* Heat gently at 280°C with low airflow (20%) until uniform solder spheres form.
- Placement & Alignment:
* Spread a thin, transparent layer of tacky BGA flux onto logic board pads.
* Align Pin 1 dot on PMI632 with motherboard silkscreen marking.
* Reflow at 310°C – 320°C with 35% airflow; observe the chip pull into place by solder surface tension.
* Allow PCB to cool naturally for 3–5 minutes before plugging in battery or USB power.
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