PMD9645 IC
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QUALCOMM PMD9645 / BBPMU_RF (QUALCOMM X12) IPHONE 7 / 7 PLUS REPAIR GUIDE
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1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION & SILICON SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Silicon Laser Marking: PMD9645 (Apple Board Designation: BBPMU_RF / U_BB_PMU)
- Commercial Hardware Name: Qualcomm PMD9645 Baseband Power Management Subsystem
- Silicon Manufacturer: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
- Semiconductor Architecture: Fine-Pitch Multi-Rail Baseband PMIC
- System Classification: Dedicated Cellular Baseband PMU
- Associated Modem Platform: Qualcomm Snapdragon X12 LTE Modem (MDM9645M - Cat 12/13)
- Companion RF Silicon: Qualcomm WTR3925 (Primary RF) + WTR4905 (Multimode Transceiver)
- Package Form Factor: 103-Pin / 103-Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (WLCSP BGA)
- Regulated Output Domains:
* Synchronous Step-Down Switching Buck Regulators:
- VDD_CORE_BB (MDM9645M Core Rails): 0.80V – 1.05V Dynamic Voltage Scaling.
- VDD_DDR / VDD_MEM (Baseband LPDDR Memory Supply): 1.20V / 1.80V.
- Transceiver Buck Lines: 1.05V – 1.30V.
* Ultra-Low Noise Linear (LDO) Regulators:
- PP1V8_SDRAM / VDD_EEPROM (Baseband Firmware IC Supply): Clean 1.80V DC.
- Transceiver Analog & PLL Rails (WTR3925 & WTR4905): 1.05V, 1.80V, 2.70V / 2.85V.
- RFFE / MIPI Control & Antenna Tuner Clean Power lines.
* System Control & Reset Lines:
- Interfacing with Apple A10 Fusion AP via BB_RST_N / BB_ON / BB_PMU_RST_N.
- Baseband 19.2MHz reference clock buffer power delivery.
2. COMPATIBLE SMARTPHONES (APPLE QUALCOMM MODELS):
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- Apple iPhone 7 (Qualcomm Logic Board):
* Model A1660 (US / China / Global Qualcomm SKU)
* Model A1779 (Japan Qualcomm SKU)
- Apple iPhone 7 Plus (Qualcomm Logic Board):
* Model A1661 (US / China / Global Qualcomm SKU)
* Model A1785 (Japan Qualcomm SKU)
*(Note: Intel iPhone 7/7P models A1778 and A1784 use Intel XMM 7360 / PMB6826 PMIC)*
3. TYPICAL BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Permanent "No Service" / "Searching..." with Exclamation Triangle:
* Handset status bar shows continuous "Searching..." or "No Service" accompanied by an exclamation mark.
* Dialing *#06# yields no IMEI pop-up window; Settings > General > About shows blank "Modem Firmware".
* Primary Trigger: Internal silicon failure or broken PCB solder connections (often aggravated by chassis drop
or flexing on model A1660/A1661 logic boards).
- Primary Logic Board Short (VDD_MAIN Short Circuit):
* Internal high-side buck FET punctures, bridging VDD_MAIN directly to ground (0.000V in diode mode).
* DC bench power supply immediately triggers short-circuit protection / max current draw at 0V.
- Long Apple Logo Boot Time (1.5 – 3 Minutes Hang):
* iOS kernel stalls during boot initialization waiting for the baseband handshake (BB_PMU_RST_N).
- "Cellular Update Failed" Warning:
* iOS dialog pops up post-restoration indicating the device cannot complete network activation.
4. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Board Powered Off, Battery Disconnected):
1. Connect Multimeter RED probe to PCB Ground (GND shield), probe with BLACK probe:
- VDD_MAIN Input Filtering Capacitors around PMD9645: Normal ~350mV – 450mV.
- VDD_CORE_BB Buck Inductors: Normal ~110mV – 220mV (low resistance line, must NOT read 0.000V).
- WTR Transceiver Supply Rails: Normal ~260mV – 380mV.
- Baseband EEPROM Power Pin (PP1V8_SDRAM): Normal ~380mV – 480mV.
2. Pad / Trace Continuity Verification:
- On iPhone 7 Qualcomm boards, inspect pads under PMD9645 (especially peripheral power/ground pads)
for open circuits caused by trace separation inside the PCB layers.
B. Live Operating Voltage Check (Hot Testing):
1. Connect DC power supply and trigger board power-on:
- Measure buck coils situated right around PMD9645 (BBPMU_RF):
* Core Inductor: Must generate 0.85V – 1.05V DC when network search is active.
* Transceiver coils: Must supply stable 1.05V and 1.80V DC.
* Baseband EEPROM (Pin 8): Must measure stable 1.80V DC.
- If coils pulse once (0.8V -> 0V) and collapse, PMD9645 is detecting an overcurrent fault or
lacking BB_ON command from the AP.
5. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Thermal Shielding & Surrounding Protection:
* PMD9645 is located close to the baseband processor (MDM9645M) and audio amplifier components.
* Always mask neighboring ICs using Kapton tape and a heat-dissipating copper coin or thermal shield.
- IC Removal:
* Apply premium non-corrosive RMA BGA flux around the perimeter of PMD9645.
* Hot air rework parameters: 310°C – 320°C, medium airflow (35% – 40%) with an appropriate nozzle.
* Heat evenly in small circles for 35–45 seconds; once solder reaches eutectic liquid state, lift chip vertically.
- Motherboard Pad Preparation:
* Add 183°C leaded solder alloy (Sn63/Pb37) to lower pad melting temperature.
* Smooth the pads flat using fine copper solder wick with a soldering iron tip set at 290°C – 300°C.
* Clean residue with 99% Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); check pads under high microscope magnification.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated 0.12mm middle-layer stencil specific for iPhone 7/7P Qualcomm Baseband PMIC (PMD9645).
* Apply 183°C leaded solder paste evenly across all 103 apertures.
* Heat with rework station at 275°C – 285°C with low airflow (20% – 25%) until uniform solder spheres emerge.
- Placement & Alignment:
* Coat motherboard footprint with a micro-thin layer of tacky flux.
* Align Pin 1 dot on PMD9645 with silkscreen orientation marking on the motherboard.
* Reflow at 305°C – 315°C with 35% airflow; observe chip gently self-aligning on liquid surface tension.
* Allow motherboard to cool naturally for 3–5 minutes before retesting on bench DC power.
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