SM5504 IC
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SILICON MITUS SM5504 18-PIN MUIC & CHARGING IC REWORK GUIDE
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1. FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE & CIRCUIT ROLE:
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- Micro USB Interface Controller (MUIC) Architecture:
* Detects and classifies connected USB accessories by sensing resistance on the USB_ID pin and
voltage signatures on D+/D- lines (such as standard chargers, PC host, OTG accessories, and factory
UART download jigs).
* Automatically switches internal low-impedance analog paths between high-speed USB data (DP/DM)
and UART serial lines going to the Application Processor.
- VBUS Protection & Charging Enable Control:
* Monitors incoming 5.0V VBUS power from the charging port. Integrates reverse-voltage, over-voltage
(OVP), and ESD clamping diodes.
* Sends charging handshake commands and interrupt triggers to the main system PMIC via the I2C bus
(SDA/SCL) to begin battery charging.
2. BOARD-LEVEL FAULT SYMPTOMS:
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- Completely Dead Charging (Zero Ampere Draw):
* Inserting USB charging cable draws 0.000A on the USB meter; no charging battery animation appears
on the display.
- Fake Charging (Charging Icon Shows But Battery Does Not Increase):
* Lightning bolt charging logo appears on the status bar, but current draw is locked at 0.04A–0.08A,
causing the battery percentage to stagnate or discharge.
- PC USB Connection Failure (USB Not Recognized / MTP Not Detected):
* Phone charges via computer USB port, but computer fails to detect the device for file transfer or
Odin flashing (internal DP/DM analog switch is blown).
- Phone Boots Automatically into Factory / Download Mode:
* Damaged internal ID resistor detection circuit forces the phone into factory test / UART jig mode
immediately upon inserting the battery.
- Yellow Temperature Warning Triangle:
* Device displays an overheating or low-temperature warning triangle on screen during charging even
when the motherboard is completely cold.
- VBUS Short to Ground:
* Internal OVP FET breakdown shorts the 5V charging rail directly to ground, causing the USB charger
or power meter to trip into short-circuit protection.
3. STEP-BY-STEP MULTIMETER TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS:
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A. Cold Testing (Diode Mode Check - Battery & Charger Disconnected):
1. Set digital multimeter to Diode Mode. Place RED probe on motherboard ground (metal shield frame)
and test with BLACK probe:
- VBUS Input Filter Capacitor: Normal reading is ~520mV to 680mV (0.000V indicates a shorted SM5504).
- USB Data Positive (DP): Normal reading is ~600mV to 750mV.
- USB Data Negative (DM): Normal reading is ~600mV to 750mV (DP and DM must be closely balanced
within ±10mV; a major imbalance indicates a damaged USB switch inside SM5504).
- USB_ID Pin: Normal reading is ~550mV to 700mV.
- I2C Communication Lines (SDA / SCL): Normal reading is ~480mV to 650mV.
2. Short Isolation:
- If VBUS reads 0.000V to ground, inject 4.0V DC (limited to 1.0A) onto the VBUS capacitor. Apply
rosin smoke; if SM5504 turns clear immediately, desolder the IC.
B. Hot Testing (USB Charger Connected):
1. Plug in a verified 5.0V USB charger:
- Measure VBUS input capacitor: Must show steady 5.0V DC.
- Measure VOUT / VBUS_OUT to PMIC: Must pass 5.0V DC. If input is 5.0V but output pin is 0V,
the internal power gate inside SM5504 is open.
- Measure I2C pull-up lines: Must measure steady 1.8V DC.
4. SOLDERING, REBALLING & REWORK SPECIFICATIONS:
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- Micro 18-Ball BGA Package (3 x 6 Ball Grid Array):
* SM5504 is an 18-pin micro-BGA chip with a 0.4mm pitch. Due to its miniature size, excessive heat or
flux movement can cause balls to bridge underneath.
- IC Desoldering Procedure:
* Shield surrounding plastic components, SIM slots, and eMMC with Kapton or aluminum heat tape.
* Apply a small dot of premium non-corrosive RMA tacky flux around SM5504.
* Hot air rework parameters: Temperature 330°C – 340°C, Airflow 25%–30%.
* Heat in small even circles for 12–15 seconds. When the solder balls melt completely, lift the chip
straight up using precision micro-tweezers.
- PCB Pad Cleanup:
* Apply leaded solder paste (Sn63/Pb37, 183°C) to dilute high-temperature factory solder.
* Clean the pads flat using fine copper desoldering braid and a micro-tip soldering iron set to 280°C.
* Clean thoroughly with 99% pure Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA); inspect under a microscope to confirm all 18
pads are bright, level, and distinct.
- Reballing Procedure:
* Use a dedicated Samsung SM5504 / universal BGA stencil (0.12mm thickness, 0.4mm pitch).
* Smoothly scrape 183°C fine-grain leaded solder paste into all 18 apertures.
* Reflow using hot air set to 275°C with low airflow (15%) until 18 uniform solder spheres form.
- Placement & Final Reflow:
* Spread an ultra-thin film of tacky flux on the PCB footprint.
* Align the Pin 1 orientation index dot with the silkscreen corner marker.
* Reflow at 305°C – 310°C with 25% airflow; the chip will automatically pull into center alignment via
solder surface tension.
* Let the board cool naturally for 3 minutes before testing charging current and PC USB connectivity.
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